arXiv:2512.06933v1 Announce Type: cross 
Abstract: Understanding a complicated Ethereum transaction remains challenging: multi-hop token flows, nested contract calls, and opaque execution paths routinely lead users to blind signing. Based on interviews with everyday users, developers, and auditors, we identify the need for faithful, step-wise explanations grounded in both on-chain evidence and real-world protocol semantics. To meet this need, we introduce (matex, a cognitive multi-agent framework that models transaction understanding as a collaborative investigation-combining rapid hypothesis generation, dynamic off-chain knowledge retrieval, evidence-aware synthesis, and adversarial validation to produce faithful explanations.

تم تقديم إطار عمل متعدد الوكلاء جديد يسمى matex لتحسين فهم معاملات Ethereum، حيث يتناول التحديات مثل تدفقات الرموز متعددة القفزات واستدعاءات العقود المتداخلة. يهدف هذا الإطار إلى تقديم تفسيرات خطوة بخطوة تستند إلى كل من الأدلة على السلسلة ودلالات البروتوكولات في العالم الحقيقي، كما تم تحديده من خلال مقابلات مع المستخدمين والمطورين والمدققين.

Se ha introducido un nuevo marco multiagente llamado matex para mejorar la comprensión de las transacciones de Ethereum, abordando desafíos como los flujos de tokens de múltiples saltos y las llamadas a contratos anidados. Este marco tiene como objetivo proporcionar explicaciones paso a paso basadas tanto en evidencia en cadena como en la semántica de protocolos del mundo real, según lo identificado a través de entrevistas con usuarios, desarrolladores y auditores.

Un nouveau cadre multi-agent nommé matex a été introduit pour améliorer la compréhension des transactions Ethereum, en abordant des défis tels que les flux de jetons multi-sauts et les appels de contrats imbriqués. Ce cadre vise à fournir des explications étape par étape basées à la fois sur des preuves en chaîne et sur la sémantique des protocoles du monde réel, comme l'ont révélé des entretiens avec des utilisateurs, des développeurs et des auditeurs.

A new multi-agent framework named matex has been introduced to enhance the understanding of Ethereum transactions, addressing challenges such as multi-hop token flows and nested contract calls. This framework aims to provide step-wise explanations based on both on-chain evidence and real-world protocol semantics, as identified through interviews with users, developers, and auditors.

MATEX: A Multi-Agent Framework for Explaining Ethereum Transactions

arXiv:2512.10372v1 Announce Type: cross 
Abstract: The rising demand for collaborative machine learning and data analytics calls for secure and decentralized data sharing frameworks that balance privacy, trust, and incentives. Existing approaches, including federated learning (FL) and blockchain-based data markets, fall short: FL often depends on trusted aggregators and lacks Byzantine robustness, while blockchain frameworks struggle with computation-intensive training and incentive integration.
  We present \prot, a decentralized data marketplace that unifies federated learning, blockchain arbitration, and economic incentives into a single framework for privacy-preserving data sharing. \prot\ enables data buyers to submit bid-based requests via blockchain smart contracts, which manage auctions, escrow, and dispute resolution. Computationally intensive training is delegated to \cone\ (\uline{Co}mpute \uline{N}etwork for \uline{E}xecution), an off-chain distributed execution layer. To safeguard against adversarial behavior, \prot\ integrates a modified YODA protocol with exponentially growing execution sets for resilient consensus, and introduces Corrected OSMD to mitigate malicious or low-quality contributions from sellers. All protocols are incentive-compatible, and our game-theoretic analysis establishes honesty as the dominant strategy.
  We implement \prot\ on Ethereum and evaluate it over benchmark datasets -- MNIST, Fashion-MNIST, and CIFAR-10 -- under varying adversarial settings. \prot\ achieves up to 99\% accuracy on MNIST and 90\% on Fashion-MNIST, with less than 3\% degradation up to 30\% Byzantine nodes, and 56\% accuracy on CIFAR-10 despite its complexity. Our results show that \prot\ ensures privacy, maintains robustness under adversarial conditions, and scales efficiently with the number of participants, making it a practical foundation for real-world decentralized data sharing.

تم تقديم سوق بيانات لامركزي يسمى D2M، يهدف إلى تحسين التعلم التعاوني للآلات من خلال دمج التعلم الفيدرالي، والتحكيم القائم على البلوكشين، والحوافز الاقتصادية في إطار واحد. يتناول هذا النهج قيود الأساليب الحالية، مثل الاعتماد على المجمعين الموثوقين في التعلم الفيدرالي والتحديات الحاسوبية التي تواجه أنظمة البلوكشين.

Se ha presentado un mercado de datos descentralizado llamado D2M, que busca mejorar el aprendizaje colaborativo de máquinas al integrar el aprendizaje federado, el arbitraje basado en blockchain y los incentivos económicos en un único marco. Este enfoque aborda las limitaciones de los métodos existentes, como la dependencia de agregadores de confianza en el aprendizaje federado y los desafíos computacionales que enfrentan los sistemas blockchain.

Un marché de données décentralisé nommé D2M a été introduit, visant à améliorer l'apprentissage collaboratif des machines en intégrant l'apprentissage fédéré, l'arbitrage blockchain et des incitations économiques dans un cadre unique. Cette approche répond aux limitations des méthodes existantes, telles que la dépendance à des agrégateurs de confiance dans l'apprentissage fédéré et les défis computationnels rencontrés par les systèmes blockchain.

A decentralized data marketplace named D2M has been introduced, aiming to enhance collaborative machine learning by integrating federated learning, blockchain arbitration, and economic incentives into a single framework. This approach addresses the limitations of existing methods, such as the reliance on trusted aggregators in federated learning and the computational challenges faced by blockchain systems.

D2M: A Decentralized, Privacy-Preserving, Incentive-Compatible Data Marketplace for Collaborative Learning

<h2>
  
  
  TL;DR
</h2>

<h3>
  
  
  DeDe is a minimal, Ethereum-based protocol for physical delivery.
</h3>

<p>No apps, no marketplace, no routing engine, only trustless escrow and deterministic settlement.<br>
It lets anyone build P2P delivery networks without central control or intermediaries.</p>




<h3>
  
  
  Why this matters in Brazil
</h3>

<p><strong>Brazil has one of the most active P2P commerce ecosystems in the world, powered by Pix.</strong><br>
Pix enables instant payment, but it does not provide trustless escrow or delivery confirmation.</p>

<p>DeDe fills this gap by offering a neutral, programmable settlement layer for physical delivery, independent of platforms or intermediaries.</p>

<ul>
<li>DeDe Protocol is a minimal, self-contained, production-ready settlement layer for decentralized delivery networks.</li>
<li>Peer-to-Peer Parcel -&gt; Pickup -&gt; Dropoff -&gt; Delivery confirmation.</li>
<li>DeFi/CeFi Agnostic: Easy integration of delivery settlement for apps, fintech providers, and payment platforms within existing workflows.</li>
</ul>




<h3>
  
  
  Motivation
</h3>

<p>We have decentralized infrastructure for:</p>

<ul>
<li>    Money (Bitcoin)</li>
<li>    Communication (Matrix)</li>
<li>    Compute (Ethereum)</li>
<li>    Privacy (Tor)</li>
</ul>

<p>But physical delivery still a key part of human coordination remains centralized, fragile, and opaque.</p>

<p>Postal systems are slow, expensive, often fail to deliver, and structurally incompatible with privacy.<br>
Meanwhile, enormous underutilized capacity exists in everyday human movement:<br>
people walk, bike, drive, and commute along routes that could carry parcels.</p>

<p>DeDe lets anyone tap into that movement.<br>
It enables real-world delivery as a trustless, peer-to-peer settlement flow, not a logistics monopoly.</p>

<p><strong>Sender → Escrow → Carrier Pickup → Dropoff → Finalize → Settlement</strong></p>




<h3>
  
  
  What It Is
</h3>

<p><strong>DeDe is not an app, not a marketplace, and not a company.</strong><br>
It is a small Ethereum smart contract protocol that allows:</p>

<ul>
<li>    Senders to register a parcel NFT + escrow</li>
<li>    Carriers to voluntarily pick it up</li>
<li>    Delivery to be confirmed (opt-in)</li>
<li>    Settlement to be finalized without trusted intermediaries</li>
</ul>

<p><strong>The protocol governs:</strong></p>

<ul>
<li>    Who gets paid</li>
<li>    Under what conditions</li>
<li>    How funds are held and released</li>
<li>    Immutable protocol fee routing</li>
<li>    Minimal incentive alignment</li>
</ul>

<p>All logistics, routing, and app-specific behavior happens off-chain.<br>
Architecture</p>




<h3>
  
  
  Core contracts:
</h3>

<ol>
<li><strong>ParcelCore</strong></li>
</ol>

<ul>
<li>    ERC-721 parcels with deterministic lifecycle states</li>
<li>    Immutable protocol fee (e.g. 0.5%)</li>
<li>    Support for platform-level BPS fee schedules</li>
<li>    Finalization window (e.g. 72h after pickup)</li>
</ul>

<ol>
<li><strong>Escrow</strong></li>
</ol>

<ul>
<li>    Holds ETH/ERC-20 funds keyed by parcelId</li>
<li>    Releases funds to carrier, protocol treasury, platform treasury,   and finalizer tip</li>
<li>    Enforces deterministic payout logic</li>
</ul>

<ol>
<li><strong>AStarSignerRegistryStaked</strong></li>
</ol>

<ul>
<li>    (Optional) registers routing signers with stake</li>
<li>    Ties dropoff event to a verifiable off-chain route hash</li>
<li>    Allows eventual zkRoute integrations</li>
</ul>

<p>All state transitions are public and auditable.<br>
DeDe does not include any GPS, KYC, login systems, or metadata on-chain.</p>

<h3>
  
  
  On-chain Privacy Model
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    On-chain: only tokenId, state enum, and lifecycle timestamps</li>
<li>    Off-chain: pickup/dropoff locations, photo proofs, routing paths</li>
<li>    Metadata is stored in NFT, encrypted, or referenced via IPFS 
hashes
Ethereum only sees a hash</li>
</ul>




<h3>
  
  
  What Makes DeDe Unique
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    It’s a protocol, not a platform</li>
<li>    No centralized operator, job board, or trusted intermediary</li>
<li>    Anyone can build an app, mint a parcel, or pick one up</li>
<li>    Payments settle only if both sides confirm (or finalize automatically)</li>
<li>    Protocol fee is immutable, finalizer tip is capped, all logic is deterministic</li>
</ul>

<p>No pricing engine.<br>
No identity layer.<br>
No assignment logic.<br>
Just neutral rails.</p>

<h3>
  
  
  Use Cases
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    P2P delivery during commutes (side income for regular people)</li>
<li>    Local business delivery without contracts or apps</li>
<li>    Decentralized logistics experiments (DAOs, disaster relief, rural mobility)</li>
<li>    Trust-minimized gig networks in low-trust regions</li>
</ul>

<h3>
  
  
  Economics
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    Protocol fee: immutable (e.g. 0.5%)</li>
<li>    Platform fee: configurable, set by each integrator</li>
<li>    Finalizer tip: small % (e.g. 0.05%), capped</li>
<li>    DeDe does not reduce escrow value over time (no built-in decay)</li>
<li>    Settlement is voluntary; payment is conditional on mutual confirmation</li>
</ul>




<h3>
  
  
  Why Ethereum?
</h3>

<p>DeDe works best when:</p>

<ul>
<li>    The settlement layer is public, neutral, auditable</li>
<li>    Applications are permissionless and forkable</li>
<li>    The infrastructure isn’t subject to any central actor’s control</li>
</ul>

<h3>
  
  
  Deployed to Ethereum Mainnet
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    <strong>ParcelCore</strong>: 0xeF1D4970c3B988840B13761Ec4FBb85106d789F8</li>
<li>    <strong>Escrow</strong>: 0x834317eFB2E6eE362a63474837398086cC302934</li>
<li>    <strong>AStarSignerRegistryStaked</strong>: 0x311A4c3Ed79D4467C55dd7CEE0C731501DF3f161</li>
<li>    <strong>protocolTreasury</strong>: 0x9C34d6a6BF1257A9e36758583cDC36F4cE2fA78F</li>
</ul>

<h3>
  
  
  Related Work / Inspiration
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    Matrix (as infra for decentralized messaging)</li>
<li>    Monero (for privacy guarantees in adversarial environments)</li>
<li>    Tor / IPFS / Nostr (for neutrality under pressure)</li>
<li>    Ethereum itself (as settlement infrastructure)</li>
</ul>

<h3>
  
  
  Future Directions
</h3>

<ul>
<li>    zkDeliveryProofs (optional: SNARKs for delivery receipt)</li>
<li>    L2 deployment for micropayments</li>
<li>    Local delivery DAO coordination</li>
<li>    Indexers / GraphQL APIs / “DeDeScan” explorer</li>
<li>    Mobile UX kits and white-label apps</li>
<li>    Monero bridge / atomic swaps for cross-chain delivery privacy</li>
</ul>




<h3>
  
  
  Further Reading
</h3>

<p><a href="https://github.com/pablo-chacon/dede-protocol/blob/main/WHITEPAPER.md" rel="noopener noreferrer">DeDe Protocol Whitepaper</a></p>

<p><a href="https://github.com/pablo-chacon/dede-protocol" rel="noopener noreferrer">DeDe Protocol Repository</a></p>

<p><a href="https://medium.com/@ekarlsson66/dede-the-delivery-rail-for-a-free-world-e7be944b90fc" rel="noopener noreferrer">Medium Story</a></p>

تم تقديم بروتوكول DeDe كحل بسيط قائم على Ethereum مصمم للتسليم الفعلي بدون ثقة، مما يتيح إنشاء شبكات تسليم من نظير إلى نظير دون الحاجة إلى السيطرة المركزية أو الوسطاء. يركز هذا البروتوكول على توفير طبقة تسوية قابلة للبرمجة تسهل تأكيد التسليم وخدمات الضمان، مما يعالج الثغرات في الأنظمة الحالية مثل Pix في البرازيل، التي تقدم مدفوعات فورية ولكن تفتقر إلى هذه الميزات.

Se ha presentado el Protocolo DeDe como una solución mínima basada en Ethereum, diseñada para la entrega física sin confianza, permitiendo la creación de redes de entrega de igual a igual sin necesidad de control central o intermediarios. Este protocolo se centra en proporcionar una capa de liquidación programable que facilita la confirmación de entrega y los servicios de custodia, abordando las lagunas en sistemas existentes como Pix en Brasil, que ofrece pagos instantáneos pero carece de estas características.

Le protocole DeDe a été introduit comme une solution minimale basée sur Ethereum, conçue pour la livraison physique sans confiance, permettant la création de réseaux de livraison peer-to-peer sans besoin de contrôle central ou d'intermédiaires. Ce protocole se concentre sur la fourniture d'une couche de règlement programmable qui facilite la confirmation de livraison et les services d'entiercement, comblant les lacunes des systèmes existants comme Pix au Brésil, qui offre des paiements instantanés mais manque de ces fonctionnalités.

DeDe Protocol has been introduced as a minimal, Ethereum-based solution designed for trustless physical delivery, enabling the creation of peer-to-peer delivery networks without the need for central control or intermediaries. This protocol focuses on providing a programmable settlement layer that facilitates delivery confirmation and escrow services, addressing gaps in existing systems like Brazil's Pix, which offers instant payments but lacks these features.

MATEX: A Multi-Agent Framework for Explaining Ethereum Transactions

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