Artificial IntelligencearXiv — cs.LGThu, Jun 4, 2026, 4:00 AMNeutral

Evaluating Zero-Shot and One-Shot Adaptation of Small Language Models in Leader-Follower Interaction

Recent research evaluated the adaptation of small language models (SLMs) in leader-follower interactions within human-robot interaction (HRI), introducing a novel dataset and testing two adaptation strategies: prompt engineering and fine-tuning under zero-shot and one-shot modes. Experiments with the Qwen2.5-0.5B model indicated that zero-shot fine-tuning achieved notable performance improvements compared to untrained baselines.

WPN Brief

  • What Happened

    Recent research evaluated the adaptation of small language models (SLMs) in leader-follower interactions within human-robot interaction (HRI), introducing a novel dataset and testing two adaptation strategies: prompt engineering and fine-tuning under zero-shot and one-shot modes. Experiments with the Qwen2.5-0.5B model indicated that zero-shot fine-tuning achieved notable performance improvements compared to untrained baselines.

  • Why It Matters

    This development is significant as it addresses the challenges of real-time role assignment in resource-constrained mobile and assistive robots, potentially enhancing their communication capabilities and operational efficiency in HRI scenarios.

  • The Bigger Picture

    The findings contribute to ongoing discussions about the effectiveness of language models in practical applications, particularly in instruction-following and understanding non-verbal cues, highlighting the limitations of larger models and the potential of smaller models to adapt more effectively in specific contexts.

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