Mapping Reduced Accessibility to WASH Facilities in Rohingya Refugee Camps with Sub-Meter Imagery

The study on WASH accessibility in Rohingya refugee camps, published on November 13, 2025, employs advanced remote sensing techniques to assess the availability of essential services like water pumps, latrines, and bathing cubicles. The findings indicate a troubling trend: as the refugee population grows, the number of people per facility has increased from 25 in 2022 to 29.4 in 2025. This decline in accessibility disproportionately affects women and girls, who often face additional barriers due to inadequate safety measures in WASH facilities. The research underscores the importance of implementing demand-responsive allocation strategies to better serve under-resourced populations in these camps, which are among the most densely populated displacement settings globally. By utilizing a semi-supervised segmentation framework that achieved a 76.4% F1-score in detecting shelters, the study provides a critical tool for identifying areas in need of urgent intervention, emphasizing the neces…